MONGOLIA IN EARLY PERIOD

Before the rise of Chinggis Khan, the Mongolian steppe was home to a succession of powerful nomadic empires that shaped the history of Inner Asia. These states controlled major trade routes, influenced neighboring civilizations, and laid the foundations for the later Mongol Empire.

From the Xiongnu Confederation and the Rouran Khaganate to the Turkic and Uighur Empires, Mongolia served as the political and cultural center of the Eurasian steppe for more than a thousand years.

Ancient capitals, stone inscriptions, archaeological remains, and sacred landscapes associated with these early states can still be found across Mongolia today.

Highlights of Mongolia's Early Nomadic States

• Xiongnu Confederation
• Rouran Khaganate
• Turkic Khaganate
• Uighur Empire
• Kidan Kingdom
• Ancient capitals of the Orkhon Valley
• Turkic inscriptions and archaeological sites